Endoarteritis refers to an inflammatory disease that affects the innermost layer (endothelium) of the arteries, resulting in their inflammation. This condition is typically characterized by the presence of necrotizing lesions or ulcers on the arterial walls. Endoarteritis most commonly affects medium-sized arteries, including the blood vessels in the kidneys, intestines, and limbs.
The exact cause of endoarteritis is not fully understood, but it is believed to involve an immune response that triggers an inflammatory reaction in the arterial walls. Certain factors, such as infections, immune system abnormalities, and exposure to certain chemicals or medications, may contribute to the development of endoarteritis.
Symptoms of endoarteritis can vary depending on the affected arteries. In general, individuals may experience pain, tenderness, or aching in the affected area, as well as reduced blood flow and circulation. If the disease progresses, it can lead to complications such as tissue damage, ulcers, or even gangrene.
Diagnosis of endoarteritis involves a combination of clinical evaluation, imaging tests (such as ultrasounds), and sometimes a biopsy of the affected artery. Treatment typically aims to control the underlying cause, reduce inflammation, and manage symptoms. Medications such as anti-inflammatory drugs, immunosuppressants, and analgesics may be prescribed. In severe cases, surgical interventions, such as bypass grafting or arterial reconstruction, may be necessary.
Overall, endoarteritis is a condition characterized by inflammation of the inner layer of arteries, potentially leading to complications if left untreated.
