Emetic tartar, also known as tartar emetic or antimony potassium tartrate, is a chemical compound with the formula K2Sb2(C4H2O6)2·3H2O. It is derived from the mineral stibnite, which is one of the main sources of antimony. Emetic tartar is a white crystalline powder that is soluble in water.
The term "emetic" refers to its primary medical use as an emetic, which is a substance that induces vomiting. Emetic tartar has a long history of being used as a therapeutic agent to promote the ejection of stomach contents in cases of poisoning or overdose. Its emetic properties are due to the antimony component, which stimulates the emetic center in the brain.
In addition to its emetic properties, emetic tartar also possesses mild antiparasitic and antimicrobial activity. This has led to its occasional use in the treatment of certain parasitic infections, such as schistosomiasis.
However, it is important to note that emetic tartar can be toxic when used in excessive amounts or with prolonged administration. It can cause various side effects, such as gastrointestinal irritation, abdominal pain, and diarrhea. Due to its potential toxicity, the use of emetic tartar in medical practice has significantly declined in recent years, and it is now mainly used as a laboratory reagent rather than a therapeutic agent.
Overall, emetic tartar is a chemical compound with emetic properties that has been historically used in medical practice but is now primarily utilized for laboratory purposes.
