Elevator disease, also commonly known as ear barotrauma or aerodontalgia, is a medical condition that occurs when rapid or extreme pressure changes affect the middle ear, sinuses, and teeth. The condition is most commonly experienced during ascent or descent in an elevator, aircraft, or diving. The pressure changes can cause discomfort, pain, and injury to the affected areas.
When an elevator or plane ascends or descends quickly, the air pressure in the surroundings changes faster than the body can adjust. This rapid change affects the Eustachian tube, connecting the middle ear to the back of the throat, leading to an imbalance in the air pressure inside and outside the ear. As a result, individuals may experience symptoms such as a blocked or full feeling in the ears, pain or pressure in the ears, and hearing loss.
Elevator disease can also impact the sinuses, leading to symptoms like sinus pressure, facial pain, and headaches. In some cases, the rapid pressure changes can cause tooth pain as well, due to air being trapped in dental fillings or cavities.
To prevent elevator disease, individuals are advised to try equalizing the pressure in the ears by swallowing, yawning, or chewing gum during rapid pressure changes. In severe cases, medical interventions such as using decongestants, nasal sprays, or undergoing surgery may be necessary.
Overall, elevator disease is a condition caused by rapid pressure changes that can lead to discomfort, pain, and injury in the ears, sinuses, and teeth.
