Eider refers to a type of large sea duck primarily found in the northern hemisphere. Scientifically classified under the genus Somateria, the term encompasses several species of ducks including the common eider (Somateria mollissima), the king eider (Somateria spectabilis), and the spectacled eider (Somateria fischeri). These ducks are recognized for their distinct characteristics, mainly their soft, dense plumage known as "eiderdown" that is highly valued for its insulation properties.
The common eider, the most widely known species, can be found in coastal regions of the North Atlantic, particularly in the Arctic and subarctic zones. With an average size of 50 to 71 cm in length, they have a black body, white belly, and a characteristic green nape. The male eiders are known for their striking appearance during breeding season when they exhibit a contrasting black and white plumage. These ducks nest in colonies near marine habitats, often utilizing elevated ground amidst vegetation or rocky areas.
Besides their decorative attributes, eiders are renowned for their economic importance. They are traditionally hunted for their meat and down, which is used to make high-quality, luxurious bedding products such as pillows and quilts. Eiderdown is esteemed for its exceptional insulating properties, providing warmth and comfort. The collection and commercial utilization of eiderdown, however, is strictly regulated to ensure the conservation of the species.
In conclusion, "eider" refers to a group of large sea ducks known for their soft plumage, or eiderdown, which is used in the production of premium bedding items. These ducks can be found in the northern hemisphere, particularly in the Arctic and subarctic coastal regions, and are valued for their decorative beauty as well as their economic
