Ebola hemorrhagic fever, commonly known as Ebola, is a highly infectious and frequently fatal disease caused by the Ebola virus. It is characterized by severe hemorrhagic (bleeding) symptoms, fever, and a range of systemic complications. The Ebola virus is part of the Filoviridae family and is classified into several species, with the most virulent strain being the Zaire Ebola virus.
Ebola is primarily transmitted to humans through direct contact with infected animals, such as fruit bats and monkeys, or through contact with bodily fluids or tissues from infected individuals. The virus can also spread through contact with contaminated surfaces or objects.
Symptoms of Ebola usually appear within 2 to 21 days after infection, initially resembling flu-like symptoms, including fever, headache, muscle and joint pain, and weakness. As the disease progresses, it triggers severe and uncontrolled bleeding, both internally and externally. Other symptoms may include vomiting, diarrhea, rash, abdominal pain, impaired kidney and liver function, and in some cases, respiratory distress.
Ebola hemorrhagic fever is associated with high mortality rates, ranging from 25% to 90%, depending on the specific strain and healthcare infrastructure available. There is no specific treatment for Ebola, but supportive care, including fluid replacement and treatment of specific symptoms, can improve the chances of survival.
Due to the severe nature of the disease and its potential to cause outbreaks, Ebola hemorrhagic fever is categorized as a public health emergency, demanding strict containment measures, isolation of infected individuals, and robust infection control protocols to prevent further transmission.
