EARTHQUAKE Meaning and
Definition
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An earthquake is a sudden and violent shaking of the Earth's surface caused by the release of energy in the Earth's crust. It occurs when there is a movement or slippage along a fault line, which is a fracture or break in the Earth's crust. Earthquakes can range in intensity, from barely perceptible tremors to powerful quakes that can cause extensive damage and loss of life.
The energy released during an earthquake travels in waves called seismic waves. These waves can cause the ground to shake and vibrate, damaging buildings, infrastructure, and natural features. The intensity of an earthquake is measured using a seismograph, with magnitude being the quantitative measure of the earthquake's size and energy release.
Earthquakes can occur anywhere on Earth, but they are most commonly associated with areas where tectonic plates meet. These plate boundaries, such as the well-known "Ring of Fire" encircling the Pacific Ocean, are characterized by high levels of seismic activity.
The effects of an earthquake can be devastating. They often lead to the collapse of buildings, landslides, and tsunamis. The human impact can be extensive, causing injuries, displacement, and even death. As a result, understanding earthquake hazards and taking necessary precautions, such as constructing earthquake-resistant infrastructure, is crucial for communities in earthquake-prone regions.
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A shaking or trembling of the earth.
Etymological and pronouncing dictionary of the English language. By Stormonth, James, Phelp, P. H. Published 1874.
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Etymology of EARTHQUAKE
The word "earthquake" originates from the Old English term "eorthequaka", which is a combination of "eorthe" meaning "earth" or "soil", and "quaka" meaning "to shake". The term was influenced by the Old Norse word "jarðskjálfti", which also means "earthquake". The combined root words highlight the shaking or trembling motion of the ground during an earthquake.
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