Pronunciation: [ˈɜːl bɹˈa͡ʊdə] (IPA) 
The spelling of "Earl Browder" in IPA phonetic transcription is /ɜːrl ˈbraʊdər/. The first syllable "earl" is pronounced with an open-mid back unrounded vowel, represented by /ɜː/, and the second syllable "browder" is pronounced with a diphthong /aʊ/ followed by /dər/ which is pronounced with a schwa sound. Earl Browder was an American politician and leader of the Communist Party USA, who ran for president in 1936 and 1940.
Earl Browder (1891-1973) was an American politician and leader of the Communist Party of the United States (CPUSA) during the first half of the 20th century. He played a significant role in shaping the communist movement in America and was known for his controversial ideology and political actions.
Born in Kansas, Browder joined the Communist Party in 1919 and quickly rose through the ranks, becoming the general secretary of the CPUSA in 1930. Under his leadership, the party experienced a significant expansion in its membership and influence. Browder's strategic approach involved promoting the idea of an alliance between the communists and other progressive groups, aiming to achieve broad-based social change.
However, Browder's tenure was marked by controversy. He is often criticized for embracing a more moderate and revisionist interpretation of Marxism, which deviated from the orthodox communist principles formulated by Marx and Lenin. Browder's ideology, known as "Browderism," emphasized the potential for peaceful coexistence and gradual reforms rather than advocating for violent revolution. This position led to his expulsion from the Communist Party in 1945, due to his unorthodox beliefs and refusal to conform to the party line.
Apart from his political activities, Browder ran for president twice, in 1936 and 1940, as the CPUSA candidate. He also wrote extensively, publishing works on Marxism, the Soviet Union, and American politics. Despite facing criticism and controversy, Earl Browder left a considerable impact on the communist movement in the United States, shaping its trajectory and ideology during a turbulent period in American history.
