Correct spelling for the English word "drift mining" is [dɹˈɪft mˈa͡ɪnɪŋ], [dɹˈɪft mˈaɪnɪŋ], [d_ɹ_ˈɪ_f_t m_ˈaɪ_n_ɪ_ŋ] (IPA phonetic alphabet).
Drift mining is a type of underground mining technique used to extract minerals or resources from horizontal or near-horizontal ore bodies or seams of minerals. It involves excavating horizontally into the side of a mountain, hill, or slope, following the path of the specific mineral deposit.
In drift mining, a long, narrow tunnel or "drift" is created by drilling or blasting through the rock or soil. The tunnel is typically parallel to the mineral seam or deposit, allowing miners to access and extract the resources without the need for extensive excavation or digging. This method is commonly employed for extracting coal, precious metals, such as gold and silver, and to a lesser extent, various industrial minerals.
The main advantage of drift mining is its cost-effective nature compared to other underground mining methods, as it requires fewer resources, labor, and equipment. Additionally, drift mining can be utilized in areas where the deposit is shallow and spreads over a large area, making it difficult or impractical to use other mining techniques.
However, drift mining has limitations. It may not be suitable for very deep deposits, excessively steep formations, or unstable ground conditions. Furthermore, it is often associated with environmental concerns, such as land degradation and potential water contamination, which need to be carefully managed and monitored to minimize environmental impacts.
Overall, drift mining plays a crucial role in extracting valuable minerals and resources, contributing to economic development, energy production, and industrial processes while requiring prudent planning and environmentally conscious practices.
The word "drift" in "drift mining" comes from the Old English word "drifan", which means "to drive" or "to propel". It has its roots in the Proto-Germanic word "dreiban", meaning "to drive, push, or agitate".
In the context of mining, "drift" refers to a horizontal underground passage or tunnel driven into the earth to access and extract minerals or resources. This term originated in the mid-17th century to describe a particular method of mining used to extract mineral deposits from the side of a hill or mountain. The miners would "drive" or "push" the horizontal tunnel into the side of the hills or mountains, following the underground vein or deposit of minerals.