Dothiepin is a tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) medication that is commonly prescribed to treat depression and anxiety disorders. Classified as a tertiary amine, it works by inhibiting the reuptake of neurotransmitters such as serotonin and noradrenaline in the brain, which helps to increase their availability and improve mood regulation.
With a chemical structure consisting of a tricyclic ring system, dothiepin acts as a potent antagonist to histamine H1 receptors, muscarinic acetylcholine receptors, and alpha-adrenergic receptors. By blocking these receptors, it alleviates symptoms of depression and anxiety by reducing histamine levels, inhibiting cholinergic activity, and preventing the reuptake of noradrenaline and serotonin.
This medication is typically administered orally in the form of tablets or capsules and is usually taken once daily, with or without food. The dosage varies depending on the individual's condition, age, and overall response to treatment.
While dothiepin can effectively relieve depressive symptoms, it also carries some common side effects. These may include drowsiness, dry mouth, blurred vision, constipation, urinary retention, and orthostatic hypotension. In some cases, it may cause allergic reactions or severe side effects such as changes in heart rhythm or mania.
Due to its potential for interactions with other medications, particularly those affecting the central nervous system, dothiepin should be used cautiously and only under the supervision of a healthcare professional. It is not recommended for use in individuals with a history of epilepsy, heart conditions, or liver or kidney problems. In addition, sudden discontinuation of dothiepin should be avoided to prevent withdrawal symptoms.
