DNA REPAIRS Meaning and
Definition
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DNA repair refers to a collection of molecular mechanisms involved in the correction of damaged or altered DNA molecules. It is a crucial biological process that ensures the integrity and stability of the genetic information within an organism's DNA.
DNA damages can occur due to various factors, such as exposure to environmental agents like radiation, toxic chemicals, or even errors that occur during DNA replication. If left unrepaired, these damages can lead to mutations, chromosomal abnormalities, and ultimately contribute to the development of diseases, including cancer.
There are multiple pathways and mechanisms through which DNA repairs occur. These mechanisms include base excision repair (BER), nucleotide excision repair (NER), mismatch repair (MMR), homologous recombination (HR), and non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ). Each mechanism specializes in repairing specific types of DNA damage.
In base excision repair, damaged bases are excised by specific enzymes and replaced with the correct bases. Nucleotide excision repair operates by removing bulky DNA lesions, such as those caused by UV radiation. Mismatch repair corrects mismatches and small insertions or deletions that can arise during DNA replication. Homologous recombination repairs double-strand DNA breaks by using an undamaged DNA molecule as a template to fill in the gaps. Non-homologous end-joining functions by directly joining DNA ends that have undergone double-strand breaks.
Overall, DNA repair mechanisms are essential for maintaining genomic stability and preventing genetic abnormalities. These processes are highly regulated and intricately interconnected to ensure accurate repair and minimize the risk of harmful mutations.
Common Misspellings for DNA REPAIRS
- sna repairs
- xna repairs
- cna repairs
- fna repairs
- rna repairs
- ena repairs
- dba repairs
- dma repairs
- dja repairs
- dha repairs
- dnz repairs
- dns repairs
- dnw repairs
- dnq repairs
- dna eepairs
- dna depairs
- dna fepairs
- dna tepairs
- dna 5epairs
- dna 4epairs
Etymology of DNA REPAIRS
The etymology of the term "DNA repairs" can be understood by breaking it down into its constituent parts:
1. DNA: DNA is an acronym for deoxyribonucleic acid. The term was coined in the early 20th century when researchers were investigating the structure and functions of genetic material. It comes from the words "deoxyribose", which refers to the sugar molecule present in DNA, and "nucleic acid", denoting the class of molecules to which DNA belongs.
2. Repairs: The term "repairs" comes from the verb "repair", which means to fix, mend, or restore something that has been damaged or broken. It has roots in Old French and Latin, derived from the words "reparare" and "reparatio", respectively.
Similar spelling word for DNA REPAIRS
