Correct spelling for the English word "dismays" is [dɪsmˈe͡ɪz], [dɪsmˈeɪz], [d_ɪ_s_m_ˈeɪ_z] (IPA phonetic alphabet).
Dismays, typically used as a verb, refers to a feeling of discouragement, distress, or unease caused by something unexpected, unpleasant, or disheartening. It can also denote the act of causing such feelings in someone. When a person experiences dismay, they might feel disillusioned, disheartened, or even alarmed by a particular event, situation, or outcome. This emotional response often arises when one's hopes, expectations, or beliefs have been shattered or challenged.
Dismay can manifest in various ways, such as a feeling of sadness or unease, a loss of motivation or confidence, or a sense of helplessness or disappointment. It is often accompanied by a sense of shock, confusion, or disbelief. Dismay can be experienced individually or collectively, affecting both individuals and larger groups, societies, or communities.
The term can also be used in a verb form, as in "to dismay." In this sense, it refers to the act of causing distress, discouragement, or unease in others. For example, a shocking event or a disappointing outcome can dismay a person or a population. Dismaying someone often implies surprising or upsetting them with unexpected news, events, or actions, leaving them disheartened or disillusioned.
Overall, dismay is a term that captures the emotional response and an action that can result from feeling discouraged or distressed due to unexpected or disheartening circumstances.
The word dismay originated from the Old French word esmaier, meaning to trouble or to alarm. It further evolved from the Latin word exmagare, which is a combination of ex- (out) and magus (magic), alluding to the idea of dispelling magic or banishing an illusion. Over time, the word dismay came to express the feeling of distress, unease, or loss of courage that arises from a perceived threat or danger. The plural form of dismay is dismays.