Disease Modifying Second Line Drugs, also known as DMARDs (Disease Modifying Anti-Rheumatic Drugs), are a specific class of medications used in the treatment of chronic autoimmune diseases, particularly rheumatoid arthritis. These drugs are considered second line because they are typically prescribed after conventional first-line treatments, such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), have shown insufficient effectiveness.
The primary objective of disease modifying second line drugs is to slow down the progression of the autoimmune disease, alleviate symptoms, and improve overall quality of life for patients. Unlike NSAIDs that solely provide temporary relief by reducing pain and inflammation, DMARDs target the underlying mechanisms of autoimmune diseases and modify the course of the disease.
DMARDs work by suppressing or modulating the overactive immune system, which is causing the inflammation and damage to the body's own tissues. This is achieved by interfering with specific chemicals, enzymes, or pathways involved in the autoimmune response. By doing so, DMARDs help to decrease inflammation, relieve pain, and prevent or minimize joint damage and deformities.
Some examples of disease modifying second line drugs commonly used include methotrexate, sulfasalazine, hydroxychloroquine, and leflunomide. These medications are usually prescribed and monitored by a specialist, such as a rheumatologist, due to their potential side effects and the need for regular monitoring of blood work.
Overall, disease modifying second line drugs play a crucial role in managing chronic autoimmune diseases by impeding disease progression and improving patients' long-term outcomes, ultimately aiming for remission or at least disease control.
