Dioctophyma renale infection, also known as dioctophymosis, is a rare parasitic disease caused by the presence of the nematode (roundworm) parasite Dioctophyma renale in the kidneys of certain mammals, including humans.
The infection occurs when an individual ingests the larvae of the parasite, usually through the consumption of undercooked or raw freshwater fish or amphibians infected with the parasite. Once inside the host, the larvae migrate through the bloodstream until they reach the kidneys, where they mature into adult worms.
Dioctophyma renale infection is characterized by a range of symptoms, although it is often asymptomatic in the early stages. As the infection progresses, individuals may experience abdominal pain, blood in the urine (hematuria), frequent urination, and the presence of a palpable mass in the abdomen due to the enlargement of the affected kidney.
Diagnosis of dioctophymosis typically involves imaging techniques, such as ultrasound or computed tomography (CT) scans, to identify the presence of the adult worms in the kidneys. Treatment usually involves surgical removal of the parasite, along with any damaged portions of the kidney if necessary.
Prevention of dioctophyma renale infection primarily relies on proper cooking and preparation of freshwater fish or amphibians, as well as the avoidance of consuming raw or undercooked food from potentially contaminated water sources. Good hygiene practices, such as handwashing, can also help reduce the risk of infection.
