Dental prosthesis retention refers to a crucial aspect of dental prosthetics that pertains to the stability and degree of grip or hold between a dental prosthesis, such as dentures or dental implants, and the underlying oral structures. It describes the ability of the prosthesis to securely and firmly stay in place within the oral cavity during functional activities like eating, speaking, and swallowing, as well as during routine oral hygiene practices.
The retention of a dental prosthesis relies on several factors. The primary contributors to prosthesis retention are the inherent design and mechanical properties of the prosthesis, the fit and accuracy of its fabrication, and the surface characteristics of both the prosthesis and the underlying oral tissues. Additional factors that impact retention include the quantity and quality of saliva, the condition of the supporting gum and bone tissues, and the patient's neuromuscular control.
Achieving satisfactory dental prosthesis retention is crucial for ensuring optimal functionality, comfort, and overall patient satisfaction. Insufficient retention can lead to prosthesis movement, causing discomfort, pain, impaired speech, and compromised oral function. Conversely, excessive retention may hinder the wearability of the prosthesis, making it challenging to insert, remove, or adjust.
In the field of dentistry, the evaluation and enhancement of dental prosthesis retention are paramount. Dentists and prosthodontists aim to achieve an optimal balance between stability and ease of use, considering individual patient needs and preferences. Prosthesis retention is a fundamental aspect of dental rehabilitation, enhancing the quality of life and oral health for individuals with missing teeth or compromised dentition.
