Pronunciation: [dˈɛmɪlˌuːn sˈɛl] (IPA) 
The spelling of the word "demilune cell" is derived from French, where "demi" means "half" and "lune" means "moon" - hence the term "half-moon cell." The correct IPA phonetic transcription for the term would be /ˈdɛmɪluːn sɛl/, with stress placed on the first syllable. The demilune cell refers to a specific type of cell found in the salivary glands, which appears like a crescent or half-moon shape in cross-section.
A demilune cell is a specialized type of cell found in the nervous system, particularly in the brain. This term is derived from the Latin words "demi," meaning half, and "luna," meaning moon, due to the cell's crescent-like shape.
These cells are primarily concentrated within the cerebellum, a region in the posterior part of the brain responsible for coordination and control of movement. Demilune cells are a sub-type of inhibitory interneurons, which means they play a crucial role in regulating neural activity and maintaining a balance between excitation and inhibition within the brain.
Demilune cells are characterized by their unique appearance, with a small spherical nucleus located toward the center and a crescent-shaped cluster of neurites or cell processes surrounding it. This distinctive morphology allows them to form synapses or connections with other neurons, enabling communication between different regions of the brain.
The functionality of demilune cells is closely linked to the release of inhibitory neurotransmitters, such as gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), which helps counteract excessive excitation in neural circuits. By dampening neural responses and preventing overactivity, demilune cells contribute to the overall regulation of motor control, coordination, and movement precision.
Research on demilune cells is still ongoing, and their precise role in various neurological processes is not yet fully understood. However, their presence in the cerebellum suggests that these cells have a crucial impact on maintaining the balance between excitation and inhibition necessary for normal brain function.
Gianuzzi's cell.
A practical medical dictionary. By Stedman, Thomas Lathrop. Published 1920.
The word "demilune" originated from the French language. It is derived from two French words: "demi", meaning "half", and "lune", meaning "moon". When combined, "demilune" translates to "half-moon". Therefore, the term "demilune cell" refers to a cell that has a crescent or semi-circular shape, resembling a half-moon.
