How Do You Spell DEFECTIVE INTERFERING VIRUS?

Pronunciation: [dɪfˈɛktɪv ˌɪntəfˈi͡əɹɪŋ vˈa͡ɪɹəs] (IPA)

The term "Defective Interfering Virus" is commonly used in virology to describe a virus that is unable to replicate on its own and is dependent on a functional virus. The spelling of this word can be explained using the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) as /dɪˈfɛktɪv ɪntərˈfɪərɪŋ ˈvaɪrəs/. This spelling indicates the stress on the second syllable of "defective" and the third syllable of "interfering," as well as the specific vowel sounds in each syllable. Understanding the IPA can help to accurately pronounce and spell scientific terminology in various fields.

DEFECTIVE INTERFERING VIRUS Meaning and Definition

1. A defective interfering virus refers to a mutant form or variant of a specific virus that lacks all or a portion of its genetic material, rendering it unable to replicate on its own. It is coined as "defective" because it requires the presence of a fully functional, helper virus to complete the replication cycle. These defective interfering viruses occur naturally during viral infections and are commonly observed in RNA viruses.

   Typically, they arise due to errors or mutations in the viral genome during replication. As a result, the defective interfering viruses possess a shortened or deleted segment of genetic material compared to the wild-type virus. This defect hampers their ability to produce some essential viral proteins or structural components, compromising their ability to infect and replicate efficiently.

   However, despite their defective nature, these interfering viruses can exploit the replication machinery and resources of the helper virus. They compete with the wild-type virus during replication, leading to a phenomenon known as viral interference. This interference often results in a decreased overall viral replication, leading to reduced viral output and potentially altering the course and severity of the viral infection.

   Defective interfering viruses have been extensively studied and used as tools in virology research. They can provide insights into viral replication, evolution, and immune responses. Moreover, they have shown promise in antiviral therapy development, as they can limit the replication of pathogenic viruses and potentially serve as live attenuated vaccines.

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