DEFEASIBLE REASONING Meaning and
Definition
-
Defeasible reasoning is a form of logical reasoning that takes into account exceptions or conditions that may arise, permitting the original conclusion to be overridden or modified as new information comes to light. It is a type of non-monotonic reasoning, which means that the addition of further evidence or premises might decrease or change the support for a given conclusion.
In defeasible reasoning, conclusions are not absolute or definitive but rather tentative and subject to revision. This contrasts with classical logic, where reasoning is based on a set of fixed rules and principles that always lead to the same conclusion given the same premises without consideration for additional information.
The term "defeasible" derives from the concept of "defeat." Defeasibility refers to the ability of new evidence or exceptions to "defeat" or challenge previously formed conclusions, allowing for their revision or cancellation. It recognizes that even though a conclusion may appear valid under certain circumstances, it can be undermined or overruled in light of contradicting evidence or changing conditions.
Defeasible reasoning is often employed in legal, ethical, and everyday reasoning, where flexibility and the recognition of exceptions and circumstances are necessary. This form of reasoning acknowledges the complex and dynamic nature of real-world situations and allows for the reevaluation and modification of conclusions based on new information or changing contexts.
Etymology of DEFEASIBLE REASONING
The term "defeasible reasoning" has its roots in philosophy and logic. The word "defeasible" comes from the Latin word "defeasibilis", which means "capable of being annulled or voided". It is derived from the verb "defeasere", meaning "to annul" or "to defeat".
In logic and reasoning, "defeasible reasoning" refers to a type of reasoning that allows for exceptions or additional information that may undermine or rebut its conclusions. It is a form of reasoning where the conclusions are tentative or subject to revision based on new evidence or contrary information. The word "defeasible" is used to convey the notion of potentially being defeated or overturned.
