The "Death of the Author" is a critical theory concept that originated in the mid-20th century and was popularized by French literary critic Roland Barthes in his essay of the same name. It challenges the traditional view of interpreting literary works based on the author's intentions or biography. According to this concept, the author's identity and background should be considered irrelevant to understanding a text's meaning.
In the "Death of the Author," Barthes argues that once a literary work is created and published, the author's influence and control over its interpretation cease to exist. The text becomes an independent entity, open to endless interpretations that are shaped by the reader's experiences, beliefs, and cultural context. The author's intention or personal history is no longer the sole or primary source of meaning, as readers bring their own perspectives and influence the overall interpretation of the work.
This theory emphasizes the importance of the reader's active engagement with the text, allowing them to explore different interpretations and find personal meanings. It empowers readers to challenge the authority of the author, recognizing that multiple valid interpretations can coexist. Consequently, the "Death of the Author" theory highlights the dynamic and ever-evolving nature of literature, making it a collaborative and interactive process between the author, the text, and the reader.