DAVID BALTIMORE Meaning and
Definition
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David Baltimore is an influential American biologist and Nobel laureate, born on March 7, 1938, in New York City. He is renowned for his significant contributions to the fields of virology, immunology, and molecular biology. Baltimore made groundbreaking discoveries related to viral replication and helped elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the synthesis of messenger RNA (mRNA).
He shared the 1975 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Howard Temin and Renato Dulbecco for their exceptional research on the interaction between animal cells and viruses. Baltimore played a pivotal role in decoding the mechanisms by which retroviruses, including the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), replicate and infect cells. His work on reverse transcriptase, an enzyme responsible for converting RNA into DNA, was particularly instrumental in advancing our understanding of viral replication and cancer formation.
Moreover, Baltimore's research also unearthed the existence of an enzyme, known as RNA-dependent DNA polymerase (now commonly referred to as reverse transcriptase), which plays a fundamental role in the replication process of retroviruses. His groundbreaking discoveries revolutionized our knowledge of how genetic information is transcribed and translated, paving the way for numerous advancements in molecular biology and virology.
Beyond his scientific achievements, David Baltimore has been an influential figure in science policy and education. He has held several leadership positions, including the presidency of both the California Institute of Technology (Caltech) and the Rockefeller University. As a result of his many contributions to science and society, he is widely regarded as one of the most significant scientific minds of our time.
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Etymology of DAVID BALTIMORE
The word "David Baltimore" does not have an etymology as it is a proper noun referring to an individual's name. The name "David" is of Hebrew origin and means "beloved" or "friend". The surname "Baltimore" is derived from the Old Irish name "Baltair", which means "ruler". However, it is important to note that the etymology of personal names can be influenced by various cultural and linguistic factors, and individual surnames can have different origins and meanings across different regions and languages.
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