"Dances sign" is a term commonly used in medical literature and clinical practice in reference to a specific movement disorder known as "Sydenham's chorea." It derives its name from Dr. William W. Dance, who first described the characteristic movements in the 19th century.
Sydenham's chorea is a neurological condition commonly associated with rheumatic fever, a systemic inflammatory disease. It manifests as involuntary, rapid, jerky movements primarily affecting the face, extremities, and trunk. These movements often resemble dancing or writhing, hence the term "Dances sign" and the colloquial name "chorea," from the Greek word for "dance." These movements are usually irregular and unpredictable, and their severity may vary from mild to disabling.
The "Dances sign" or Sydenham's chorea is often accompanied by other symptoms such as emotional lability, muscle weakness, and impaired coordination. It typically affects children and adolescents, particularly females, with a prevalence of around 20% in those who have had rheumatic fever.
The exact cause of Sydenham's chorea is still not fully understood. However, it is believed to be an autoimmune reaction triggered by Group A Streptococcus infection. The bacteria's proteins resemble proteins found in the basal ganglia of the brain, leading to an immune response that damages these structures.
Treatment of "Dances sign" involves managing the underlying rheumatic fever, which may include antibiotics and anti-inflammatory medications. Additionally, medications such as dopamine antagonists or benzodiazepines may be prescribed to reduce involuntary movements and improve overall symptom control.
Overall, "Dances sign" refers to the characteristic jerky, involuntary, and dance-like movements seen in Sydenham's chorea, a movement disorder associated
