Cytomegalic Inclusion Diseases refers to a group of viral infections caused by the cytomegalovirus (CMV) that primarily affect infants and individuals with weakened immune systems. CMV is a member of the herpesvirus family and is characterized by the presence of large, abnormal cells called cytomgalic cells containing distinctive inclusion bodies.
Symptoms of Cytomegalic Inclusion Diseases can vary depending on the affected individual. In healthy individuals, CMV infection may cause flu-like symptoms such as fever, fatigue, and muscle aches. However, it often remains asymptomatic or causes mild symptoms that go unnoticed.
In infants, especially those infected during pregnancy or shortly after birth, Cytomegalic Inclusion Diseases can lead to more severe complications. These may include intellectual disabilities, hearing or vision impairment, developmental delays, and damage to major organs such as the liver, lungs, or brain. Additionally, the infection can spread to other body fluids like saliva, urine, or breast milk, making transmission possible through close contact.
Diagnosis of Cytomegalic Inclusion Diseases typically involves laboratory tests to detect the presence of CMV in blood, urine, or tissue samples. Treatment primarily focuses on managing symptoms, as there is no specific antiviral therapy currently available. In severe cases, antiviral medications may be prescribed to help reduce the intensity and duration of symptoms.
Prevention strategies for Cytomegalic Inclusion Diseases include practicing good hygiene, especially by washing hands regularly, avoiding close contact with individuals showing symptoms, and using proper protection during sexual activities. Pregnant individuals should discuss the risk of CMV transmission with their healthcare providers and consider adopting preventive measures.
