CYTOLYSIN Meaning and
Definition
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A cytolysin is a type of protein or toxin that has the ability to cause lysis or the breaking open of cells. It is primarily found in certain bacteria or other microorganisms and can possess a wide range of physiological and pathological effects on the host organism.
Cytolysins usually act by disrupting the integrity of the cell membrane, which encloses and protects the contents of cells. Once the membrane is compromised, the cell's internal components are exposed to the surrounding environment, leading to cell death and release of intracellular contents. This may result in the destruction of tissue and subsequent inflammation.
The mechanism of action of cytolysins can vary depending on the specific type and source organism. Some cytolysins form pores within the cell membrane, causing it to become permeable to ions and other molecules. Others may specifically target certain components of the membrane, such as phospholipids or cholesterol, leading to their disruption.
Cytolysins play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of various infectious diseases caused by certain bacteria. They can contribute to the invasion and colonization of host tissues, evasion of the immune system, and destruction of cells and tissues. Furthermore, cytolysins can also be employed as virulence factors by certain pathogens, aiding in the establishment of infection and disease progression.
Overall, cytolysins are powerful biological agents that can profoundly impact cells and organisms they encounter, making them important subjects of study in microbiology and immunology.
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An antibody capable of effecting partial or complete destruction of an animal cell; it is usually not strictly specific, being capable of effecting hemolysis as well as of acting on other cells than the one which served as antigen.
A practical medical dictionary. By Stedman, Thomas Lathrop. Published 1920.
Common Misspellings for CYTOLYSIN
Etymology of CYTOLYSIN
The word "cytolysin" is derived from the combination of two root words: "cyto-" and "-lysin".
The prefix "cyto-" comes from the Greek word "kytos", meaning "cell". It is commonly used to refer to anything related to cells.
The suffix "-lysin" comes from the Greek word "lysis", which means "loosening" or "breakdown". It is often used in biology to indicate the breakdown or destruction of a substance or structure.
Therefore, "cytolysin" is a term that describes a substance or agent that causes the breakdown or destruction of cells.
Similar spelling words for CYTOLYSIN
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