Pronunciation: [sˈɪstɪnt͡ʃˌɪmə] (IPA) 
The word "cystenchyma" consists of two parts: "cyst" meaning "a sac or bladder-like structure" and "enchyma" meaning "tissue." The "y" in "cyst" is pronounced like an "i" in "kit" (/sɪst/), while "enchyma" is pronounced with a clear "k" sound (/ɛnˈkaɪmə/). Therefore, when combined together, the word is pronounced as /sɪˈstɛnkaɪmə/. Cystenchyma refers to the type of plant tissue composed of cells that have a cyst-like shape.
Cystenchyma refers to a specific type of plant tissue found in the roots of some plants, particularly in the family Fabaceae (commonly known as the legume or pea family). It is a specialized tissue with distinct characteristics and functions that contribute to the plant's abilities to absorb nutrients, store reserves, and perform other important functions.
Cystenchyma tissue is composed of specialized cells known as cortical cells. These cells have thickened and lignified (strengthened) cell walls, which provide structural support and protection. The cells are often irregularly shaped and contain numerous air-filled spaces or gaps called lacunae. These spaces allow the cells to store and transport gases such as oxygen and carbon dioxide, facilitating proper respiration in the root system.
One of the primary functions of cystenchyma tissue is to store reserve substances, such as starch or nitrogenous compounds, that the plant can utilize during times of growth or stress. The thickened cell walls and large intercellular air spaces also aid in the transport of nutrients and water throughout the root system.
Due to its specific characteristics, cystenchyma tissue plays a crucial role in maintaining the overall health and functionality of the plant. It ensures effective gas exchange, provides structural support, and facilitates nutrient storage and transport within the root system.
The word "cystenchyma" is derived from two Greek roots: "cystis" meaning "bladder" or "cyst", and "enchyma" meaning "infusion" or "retention". The combination of these two roots gives "cystenchyma", which refers to a tissue or cells that are involved in the storage or retention of fluid, resembling a bladder-like structure.
