CYSLTR stands for Cysteinyl leukotriene receptor, which refers to a group of specific receptors present on cell membranes that are involved in the immune and inflammatory response within the body.
Leukotrienes are lipid signaling molecules derived from arachidonic acid, which is a polyunsaturated fatty acid. These molecules serve as powerful mediators of inflammation and smooth muscle contraction, particularly in the lungs and airways. They are released by immune cells, such as mast cells and eosinophils, in response to triggers including allergens, infections, and tissue injury.
The CYSLTR receptors are specifically responsive to cysteinyl leukotrienes, including leukotriene C4, D4, and E4. These receptors are expressed on various cells, including smooth muscle cells, bronchial epithelial cells, and immune cells. When cysteinyl leukotrienes bind to CYSLTR receptors, they initiate a signaling cascade that leads to bronchoconstriction, mucus production, and the recruitment and activation of immune cells, ultimately exacerbating the inflammatory response.
Targeting CYSLTR receptors is an important therapeutic approach in the treatment of conditions such as asthma and allergic rhinitis. Drugs known as leukotriene receptor antagonists (LTRA) can block the binding of leukotrienes to CYSLTR receptors, thereby preventing or reducing the associated inflammatory response. Common examples of LTRA include zafirlukast and montelukast.
In summary, CYSLTR refers to Cysteinyl leukotriene receptors, which are cellular receptors involved in the immune and inflammatory response, especially in airway disorders like asthma and allergic rhinitis.
