Cyperacea, also known as Cyperaceae, is a botanical family of flowering plants commonly referred to as sedges. It is one of the largest families of plants, consisting of around 5,000 known species distributed worldwide.
The plants belonging to the Cyperacea family are usually found in wet or marshy habitats, although they can also be found in various other environments such as grasslands, dunes, and forests. They are typically perennial plants, known for their grass-like appearance, with slender, erect stems called culms. The stems are usually solid, triangular, or cylindrical in shape and equipped with nodes.
The leaves of Cyperacea species are characterized by their long, narrow shape, known as a blade, which extends from the culm and wraps around it. They are alternatively arranged along the stem and often exhibit a prominent midrib. The inflorescence of these plants is composed of spikelets, small clusters of flowers grouped together. The flowers are typically wind-pollinated and lack showy petals, although they may possess non-showy bracts.
Cyperacea plants are ecologically significant as they often form dense stands, providing essential habitats and stabilization of wetlands and soil. Additionally, they serve as a food source for various wildlife species, including birds, mammals, and insects. Some species of Cyperacea are also of cultural importance, utilized by humans for weaving, thatching, and making of baskets.
In summary, Cyperacea or sedges are a diverse and important plant family characterized by their grass-like appearance, adaptability to wet environments, and ecological significance.
