Pronunciation: [sˈa͡ɪnɒʃən ɹɪɡˈɑːliz] (IPA) 
Cynoscion Regalis is a common name used to refer to a type of fish known as the "Atlantic croaker". The word "Cynoscion" is spelled as /sɪˈnɒʃən/, with the stress on the second syllable, and "Regalis" is pronounced as /rɪˈɡeɪlɪs/, with the stress on the first syllable. The spelling of these words is based on their Latin origin and is often used in scientific literature to refer to this specific species of fish.
Cynoscion regalis is a fish species commonly known as the "Atlantic croaker." It belongs to the Sciaenidae family, which includes other drumfish species. Found along the Atlantic coast of the Americas, from Massachusetts to the Gulf of Mexico, cynoscion regalis inhabits estuaries, bays, and inshore waters.
Physically, cynoscion regalis has an elongated body with a silvery coloration on its sides, fading to a white belly. It possesses a single dorsal fin characterized by spines, and its anal fin is also spiny. The fish has a protruding lower jaw with a subtle underbite. Some individuals may exhibit dark vertical bands along their sides, although this pattern often fades as they grow.
Atlantic croakers are renowned for their ability to produce various sounds by drumming their swim bladder using specialized muscles, resulting in a distinct croaking-like noise. Although this behavior primarily serves reproductive purposes, it can also be used for communication and aggression among individuals.
As opportunistic feeders, cynoscion regalis consumes a diverse diet, including small fish, crustaceans, mollusks, and worms. Juveniles tend to feed on plankton and small invertebrates, gradually shifting to a more carnivorous diet as they mature.
Given their abundance and popularity among recreational anglers, cynoscion regalis is considered an important sportfish. It is valued both for its fighting ability and its relatively good eating quality. Additionally, the species plays a ecological role within estuarine ecosystems, impacting the food web dynamics and acting as both predator and prey.
Overall, cynoscion regalis is a versatile fish species well-adapted to its coastal habitat, recognized for its unique croaking behavior and esteemed as a
The word "Cynoscion regalis" has a Latin-based etymology.
"Cynoscion" is derived from the Greek word "kynos" meaning "dog" and "skion" meaning "little shadow". This is likely a reference to the shape and behavior of certain fish in the Cynoscion genus, which have a dark shadow-like appearance and are similar to dogfish.
"Regalis" comes from the Latin word "regalis" meaning "regal" or "royal". This term likely refers to the majestic or kingly appearance of a fish in the Cynoscion regalis species.
