CVD stands for Cardiovascular Disease. It is a broad term that encompasses disorders affecting the heart and blood vessels, leading to various conditions such as heart attacks, strokes, and peripheral artery disease.
Cardiovascular Disease is a leading cause of death globally and is characterized by the accumulation of fatty deposits within the arteries, which leads to the narrowing and hardening of blood vessels. This process is known as atherosclerosis. When the arteries supplying blood to the heart muscle become blocked or narrowed, it can lead to a heart attack. Similarly, when blood flow to the brain is interrupted, it results in a stroke.
The risk factors associated with CVD include unhealthy lifestyle choices such as tobacco use, excessive alcohol consumption, a sedentary lifestyle, poor diet, and obesity. Additionally, medical conditions such as high blood pressure, diabetes, and high cholesterol levels can also contribute to the development of CVD.
Prevention and management of CVD often involve lifestyle modifications, including regular exercise, maintaining a healthy weight, quitting smoking, and following a balanced diet low in saturated and trans fats. Medications may also be prescribed to manage risk factors. In severe cases, surgical interventions like angioplasty or bypass surgery may be required to restore proper blood flow.
CVD awareness campaigns and screening programs play a crucial role in early detection and prevention, as timely intervention can significantly reduce the risk of complications and mortality associated with these diseases.
