Coxsackieviruses B, commonly referred to as Coxsackie B viruses, are a group of enteroviruses belonging to the genus Enterovirus within the Picornaviridae family. They are small, non-enveloped viruses with a single-stranded RNA genome of positive polarity.
Coxsackieviruses B are primarily known to cause a range of human diseases, including mild respiratory tract infections, but their main impact is on various aspects of cardiovirulence. They are most commonly associated with inflammatory heart diseases, such as myocarditis and pericarditis, as well as other conditions affecting the heart muscle, such as dilated cardiomyopathy. Coxsackieviruses B have been implicated in both acute and chronic heart diseases and can lead to severe complications, including heart failure and sudden cardiac death.
Transmission of Coxsackieviruses B typically occurs through direct contact with respiratory secretions, fecal-oral route, or contaminated surfaces. The viruses are highly contagious, and outbreaks often occur in crowded environments or among close contacts.
The symptoms of Coxsackieviruses B infections can vary widely, ranging from mild flu-like symptoms to severe cardiac manifestations. Common signs include fever, sore throat, headache, muscle aches, and rash. However, many infections may be asymptomatic, especially in adults.
There is no specific antiviral treatment for Coxsackievirus B infections, and management usually involves symptomatic relief, such as rest, pain relievers, and hydration. Prevention mainly relies on good hygiene practices, including handwashing, covering the mouth and nose when sneezing or coughing, and avoiding close contact with infected individuals or contaminated surfaces.
Overall, Coxsackieviruses B pose a
