COSINES Meaning and
Definition
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Cosines is the plural form of the noun cosine. A cosine is a mathematical function that relates the angles of a right triangle to the ratio of the lengths of its sides. More specifically, the cosine of an angle within a right triangle is calculated by dividing the length of the side adjacent to the angle by the length of the hypotenuse. This ratio helps measure the relationship between the angle and the adjacent side, providing insight into their correlation.
Cosines are widely used in trigonometry, a branch of mathematics concerned with the relationships between the angles and sides of triangles. By utilizing cosines, various properties and characteristics of triangles can be derived, such as determining the unknown side lengths or angles of a triangle given specific information.
In addition to their application in geometry, cosines find extensive use in other fields of science and engineering. They are fundamental in fields like physics, astronomy, and computer graphics, allowing for the calculation of various waveforms, oscillations, and rotations.
Overall, cosines play a pivotal role in the study and understanding of angles, triangles, and their associated mathematical functions. By employing these ratios, mathematicians and scientists can solve complex problems and model real-world phenomena, enabling a deeper comprehension of the physical world.
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Etymology of COSINES
The word "cosines" is derived from the mathematical term "cosine". The term "cosine" was introduced by the mathematician Thomas Fincke in his book "Geomtriae Rotundi Liber Secundus" published in 1583. He used the Latin phrase "cosinus" to describe the sine complement, or the sine of the complementary angle. This Latin term was a transliteration of the Arabic word "jayb" (جيب) meaning "side" or "fold" which was used in Arabic mathematics. The use of "cosine" as a separate mathematical function emerged in the 17th century when it became widely adopted in trigonometry.
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