Pronunciation: [kɒɹˈɑːdə͡ʊ d͡ʒˈɪni] (IPA) 
The proper spelling of the Italian statistician's name is Corrado Gini. The first name is pronounced as "kɔrˈraːdo" in IPA phonetic transcription, while the last name is pronounced as "ˈdʒiːni". The letter "c" in "Corrado" sounds like "k" in English, and "d" in "Gini" is pronounced softly, like "j" in "jump". Gini is widely known for developing the Gini coefficient, a measure of income inequality used in economics.
Corrado Gini was an Italian statistician and sociologist who was born on May 23, 1884, in Mazzara del Vallo, Sicily, and died on March 13, 1965, in Rome, Italy. He is best known for his significant contributions to the field of demography and his development of the Gini coefficient, a statistical measure that quantifies income inequality within a population.
Gini received his education at the University of Rome, where he later became a professor of statistics. Throughout his career, he focused on studying various social phenomena and using statistical techniques to understand and measure them. His research encompassed a wide range of areas, from population dynamics to fertility rates, race relations, and the effects of migration on society.
However, Gini's most lasting legacy is his creation of the Gini coefficient. This measure, also known as the Gini index or Gini ratio, provides a numerical value between 0 and 1 to illustrate income distribution within a population. A coefficient of 0 indicates perfect equality, where every person has the same income, while a coefficient of 1 represents maximum inequality, where one individual holds all the income. The Gini coefficient has since become a widely used tool for economists, policymakers, and social scientists to understand and compare income disparities across different regions and over time.
Overall, Corrado Gini's work in statistics and sociology has had a lasting impact in the field, particularly through his development of the Gini coefficient, which remains a cornerstone in the study of income inequality and social disparities.
