A Copper Intrauterine Device (IUD) refers to a small, T-shaped contraceptive device that is inserted into the uterus to prevent pregnancy. It is made of plastic and typically has a copper coil or wire wrapped around its stem. The copper coating on the IUD serves as the contraceptive mechanism, providing a spermicidal effect.
When inserted into the uterus by a healthcare professional, the Copper IUD works by releasing small amounts of copper ions into the uterus, which immobilize sperm, preventing them from fertilizing the egg. In addition, the presence of copper in the uterus creates an inhospitable environment for fertilized eggs, thereby inhibiting implantation and further preventing pregnancy.
The Copper IUD is renowned for its long-lasting effectiveness, typically remaining functional for three to ten years, depending on the specific model. It is a highly reliable form of birth control, boasting an efficacy rate of more than 99% in preventing pregnancy.
Some benefits of the Copper IUD include its non-hormonal nature, making it suitable for individuals who cannot tolerate hormonal contraception. It is also promptly reversible, with fertility generally returning shortly after its removal. However, it is important to note that the Copper IUD does not protect against sexually transmitted infections, so additional barrier methods, such as condoms, may be necessary for STI prevention.
