The word "coordinate bond" is spelled with two "o"s, one "d," and one "i." The first syllable is pronounced as "koh-" with the long "o" sound, and the second syllable is pronounced as "-ORD" with a short "o" sound. The final syllable, "-nate," is pronounced with a long "a" sound, as in "eight," and a silent "e." The IPA phonetic transcription for this word is /koʊˈɔrdəˌneɪt bɑnd/. A coordinate bond is a covalent bond in which both electrons are donated by one atom.
A coordinate bond, also known as a dative bond or a covalent coordinate bond, is a type of chemical bond that forms when one atom donates a pair of electrons to another atom to create a shared bonding pair. In this bond, one atom acts as the donor, supplying both electrons for the shared pair, while the other atom acts as the acceptor. This results in the formation of a stable bond between the two atoms.
The atom donating the electron pair is typically referred to as the Lewis base, while the atom accepting the electrons is called the Lewis acid. The Lewis acid is usually an atom with an incomplete outer electron shell, while the Lewis base has an excess lone pair of electrons.
Coordinate bonds are commonly observed between transition metal ions and ligands in coordination complexes, where the ligands act as the Lewis bases and donate electron pairs to the metal ion. This type of bonding is also prevalent in molecules such as ammonia (NH3), where the nitrogen atom donates a lone pair of electrons to form a coordinate bond with a hydrogen ion (H+).
Coordinate bonds play a crucial role in various chemical reactions and biological processes. Understanding the formation and properties of coordinate bonds is crucial for comprehending the structure and behavior of complex molecules, as well as their applications in fields such as catalysis, medicine, and materials science.
The word "coordinate bond" originated from the field of chemistry. It comes from the word "coordinate", which derives from the Latin word "coordinare", meaning "to unify or arrange in order". The term "coordinate bond" refers to a type of chemical bond in which one atom donates a pair of electrons to another atom, thus allowing them to share a pair of electrons and form a bond. This bond is described as "coordinated" because it involves the coordination or mutual arrangement of electrons between the atoms involved.