Contagious Pustular Dermatitis Virus of Sheep, also known as Orf Virus or Contagious Ecthyma, is a contagious viral disease that primarily affects sheep and goats. The disease is caused by a DNA virus belonging to the Parapoxvirus genus.
Contagious Pustular Dermatitis is characterized by the formation of pustular, scabby lesions primarily on the lips, muzzle, and face of infected animals. These lesions can also extend to the udder, teats, and feet. The virus can spread through direct contact with infected animals or contaminated environments.
The initial symptoms of Contagious Pustular Dermatitis include the formation of red papules or nodules, which gradually develop into blister-like pustules filled with a thick, white, or yellow fluid. These pustules eventually crust over, forming scabs. The scabs may cause pain, itching, and discomfort, leading to decreased feeding and weight loss in affected animals.
It is important to note that the disease is zoonotic, meaning it can be transmitted from animals to humans. People who come into contact with infected animals or contaminated materials may develop similar skin lesions on their hands or other exposed areas. However, the disease is generally self-limiting and mild in humans, with typical symptoms including redness, swelling, and healing similar to cold sores.
Prevention and control measures for Contagious Pustular Dermatitis Virus of Sheep generally involve good biosecurity practices, including isolation and quarantine of affected animals, proper hygiene, and disinfection of contaminated areas. Vaccination may also be used as a preventive measure in susceptible flocks.
