CONNEXINS Meaning and
Definition
-
Connexins are a family of proteins that play a crucial role in the formation of gap junctions, which are specialized intercellular channels that allow direct communication and exchange of small molecules between adjacent cells. Gap junctions are present in various tissues and are essential for the coordination and synchronization of cellular activities, including the transmission of electrical signals and the exchange of metabolites and signaling molecules.
Connexins are transmembrane proteins that span the cell membrane and form hexameric structures called connexons. Each connexon is composed of six connexin protein subunits, which align across adjacent cells to create a continuous channel between them. This channel allows the passage of ions, small molecules, and even some larger molecules, such as second messenger molecules or metabolites, ensuring the direct transfer of information between cells.
There are multiple connexin isoforms, with different tissues expressing specific connexins depending on their functional needs. Each connexin isoform exhibits distinct properties, such as varying conductance and selectivity for different molecules or ions. Connexins are also regulated by various factors, including pH, calcium ions, phosphorylation, and interactions with other proteins, ensuring the tight control of gap junction function.
Overall, connexins and gap junctions are critical for maintaining tissue homeostasis, facilitating electrical signaling, coordinating cellular activities, and promoting cell-cell communication, making them vital for various physiological processes in the body.
Common Misspellings for CONNEXINS
Etymology of CONNEXINS
The word "Connexins" is derived from the combination of two terms: "connexion" and "protein". "Connexion" comes from the Latin word "connexio", which means "connection" or "linking together". It is related to the verb "connectere", meaning "to connect". The suffix "-in" is commonly used to denote a protein. Therefore, "Connexins" refers to a group of proteins that are involved in forming intercellular connections or channels, known as gap junctions, in biological systems.
Similar spelling words for CONNEXINS
