Condyloma is a medical term used to describe a type of wart that commonly appears in the genital area. Specifically, it refers to a group of small, raised, and cauliflower-like growths that occur on or around the genitals, anus, or mouth. These growths are caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV), primarily types 6 and 11.
Condyloma can affect both males and females and is typically associated with sexually transmitted infections (STIs). It is transmitted through sexual contact, including vaginal, anal, or oral sex, as well as through skin-to-skin contact. In some cases, the infection can be asymptomatic, meaning people may not experience any visible symptoms, while others may develop a range of symptoms including itching, discomfort, pain, or bleeding during sexual activity.
Diagnosis of condyloma is usually done through a physical examination by a healthcare professional, who may also perform additional tests such as a biopsy or a Pap smear, depending on the specific circumstances.
Treatment options for condyloma include topical medications, such as creams or gels, that help remove the growths, cryotherapy (freezing the warts), or laser therapy to destroy the abnormal tissue. In some cases, surgical removal may be necessary. While treatments can remove visible warts, the virus itself cannot be completely cured, and recurrences are possible.
Prevention of condyloma is best achieved through safe sexual practices, including the use of barrier methods like condoms, regular HPV vaccinations, and regular screenings.
