Compression ignition engines, also known as CI engines or diesel engines, are internal combustion engines that ignite fuel through the process of compression, rather than using a spark plug. These engines operate by first compressing the air inside the combustion chamber to a high pressure and temperature. The heat generated by compression causes the fuel to ignite spontaneously when injected into the chamber. This combustion produces a high-pressure gas that drives the engine's piston, converting chemical energy into mechanical energy.
Compression ignition engines are highly efficient and popular due to their ability to maximize fuel efficiency and deliver high torque output. Their design allows for a broader range of fuel options, including diesel, biodiesel, and alternative fuels. These engines are widely used in various applications such as automobiles, trucks, ships, and power machinery.
Advantages of compression ignition engines include improved fuel economy, higher torque output, and increased longevity. They are also known for their durability and reliability under heavy load conditions. However, they tend to produce more emissions when compared to spark ignition engines, particularly regarding nitrogen oxides (NOx) and particulate matter (PM). To meet stricter emission standards, modern compression ignition engines are equipped with sophisticated technologies, including exhaust gas recirculation (EGR), selective catalytic reduction (SCR), and diesel particulate filters (DPF).
Overall, compression ignition engines have played an essential role in transportation, industry, and power generation by providing efficient and reliable engines with a wide range of fuel options.
