Complex Partial Seizure Disorder, also known as focal impaired awareness seizure or psychomotor seizure, is a type of epilepsy characterized by abnormal electrical activity in specific areas of the brain. It is called "complex" because these seizures affect not just one part of the brain but instead cause widespread involvement, leading to various symptoms affecting behavior, consciousness, and cognition.
During a complex partial seizure, the individual experiences a change in awareness or consciousness, which can range from a dream-like state to complete loss of consciousness. These seizures typically last between one to two minutes. Although the person may appear awake, they are unresponsive and unaware of their surroundings. They may engage in repetitive behaviors such as lip smacking, chewing, or fidgeting. In some cases, individuals may experience automatisms, which are involuntary, purposeless movements or actions.
Other symptoms of complex partial seizures can include confusion, memory loss, déjà vu or jamais vu (distinctive feelings about familiar situations or places), emotional changes such as fear or anxiety, and a sense of detachment from reality. After the seizure, the person may experience postictal confusion or fatigue.
Complex partial seizure disorder can have a significant impact on an individual's quality of life, affecting daily activities, relationships, and job performance. It often requires medical treatment such as antiepileptic medications to reduce the frequency and severity of seizures. Diagnosis and ongoing management usually involve a combination of clinical evaluations, EEG (electroencephalogram) recordings, and medical history assessments.
