COMPETITIVE EXCLUSION Meaning and
Definition
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Competitive exclusion, also known as the principle of Gause, refers to the phenomenon where two species with identical ecological requirements cannot coexist indefinitely in the same ecological niche. This concept, originally proposed by Russian biologist Georgy Gause in the 1930s, posits that when two species are competing for the same limited resources, such as food, territory, or mates, the more efficient and better adapted species will eventually outcompete and eliminate the other species from that particular niche.
In a competitive exclusion scenario, the better adapted species will experience higher growth rates and have a competitive advantage over the less adapted species. This advantage may result from factors such as better foraging abilities, superior defense mechanisms, or more efficient resource utilization. Over time, the more competitive species will deplete the shared resources, leaving insufficient quantities for the weaker species to survive and reproduce successfully.
Competitive exclusion is a fundamental principle in ecology and plays a vital role in shaping species distribution and community dynamics. It highlights the importance of interspecific competition in determining species coexistence or exclusion. However, it is worth noting that competitive exclusion is not always absolute, as the weaker species may evolve mechanisms or behaviors that allow them to persist in a modified niche or find alternative resources.
Etymology of COMPETITIVE EXCLUSION
The word "competitive exclusion" is composed of the words "competitive" and "exclusion".
The word "competitive" originates from the Latin word "competitivus", which is derived from the verb "competere", meaning "to strive together" or "to be in rivalry". It entered the English language in the mid-17th century and refers to the act of competing or engaging in competition.
The word "exclusion" comes from the Latin word "exclusio", which is derived from the verb "excludere", meaning "to shut out" or "to keep out". It entered the English language in the late 14th century and refers to the act of excluding or keeping someone or something out.
Therefore, the etymology of "competitive exclusion" combines the idea of competing with the act of excluding or keeping out.
