A colorectal tumor is an abnormal growth or mass that develops in the colon (large intestine) or rectum. It is characterized by uncontrolled cell division and can be either benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous). Colorectal tumors can arise from the inner lining of the colon or rectum, known as the mucosa, or from deeper layers of the intestinal wall.
Most colorectal tumors develop from small, noncancerous growths called polyps. Over time, some of these polyps can undergo changes and transform into cancerous tumors. This progression typically occurs slowly, allowing opportunities for regular screening and early detection.
Symptoms of colorectal tumors can vary depending on their size, location, and cancer stage. Common signs include persistent changes in bowel habits (such as diarrhea or constipation), rectal bleeding, blood in the stool, abdominal pain or discomfort, unintended weight loss, and feeling fatigued or weak.
Diagnosis of colorectal tumors usually involves various screening and imaging tests, such as colonoscopy, flexible sigmoidoscopy, or virtual colonoscopy. A biopsy (removal of a small tissue sample for examination under a microscope) is often performed to determine if the tumor is benign or cancerous.
Treatment for colorectal tumors depends on factors such as the size, stage, and location of the tumor, as well as the patient's overall health. Options may include surgery to remove the tumor, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, or a combination of these approaches. Early detection and treatment significantly increase the chances of a successful outcome for colorectal tumors. Regular colorectal cancer screenings are crucial for early detection and prevention.
