The College of Cardinals refers to the highest-ranking body within the Roman Catholic Church, composed of senior prelates who have been appointed by the Pope. It functions as an advisory assembly for the Pope and plays a vital role in the governance of the Church. The College of Cardinals holds the authority to elect a new Pope whenever the papal see becomes vacant.
Membership in the College of Cardinals is typically granted to bishops, archbishops, and certain high-ranking clergy who have been appointed by the Pope himself. The number of Cardinals is not fixed and can vary, although there traditionally have been around 120 members. Cardinals are chosen from different countries around the world, with some being the leaders of important dioceses or holding influential positions within the Roman Curia, the administrative body of the Holy See.
The College of Cardinals gathers for a conclave, a closed-door meeting held in the Sistine Chapel, to elect a new Pope. During this conclave, the Cardinals cast their votes until a two-thirds majority is reached. Once a Pope is elected, he becomes the head of the College of Cardinals, and its members act as advisors and collaborators on various matters, such as the appointment of bishops, administrative decisions, and theological discussions.
The College of Cardinals holds a significant role in the governance and spiritual leadership of the Roman Catholic Church, providing the Pope with a diverse body of experienced and knowledgeable advisors. It serves as an essential institution for the Church, ensuring its continuity and enabling the selection of the Pope as the visible leader of the Catholic faith.
