CODON Meaning and
Definition
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A codon is a fundamental molecular component of the genetic code, specifically within the context of DNA and RNA. It refers to a sequence of three nucleotides that serves as the basic unit of information in protein synthesis and gene expression. Each codon corresponds to a specific amino acid or a signaling function, allowing for the translation of genetic instructions encoded in DNA into functional proteins.
In more detail, codons are composed of the four different nucleotide bases found in DNA and RNA: adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and thymine (T) or uracil (U), respectively. By arranging these bases in different sequences, various codons are formed, creating a code that specifies the order in which amino acids are assembled during protein synthesis.
The relationship between codons and amino acids is closely regulated by both the genetic code and specific enzymes involved in protein synthesis. For instance, the genetic code defines which codons code for particular amino acids, while transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules, with their anticodons, ensure proper recognition and binding of the codons during translation.
Understanding codons is essential in deciphering the genetic code and interpreting how genes function. Alterations or mutations in codons can lead to changes in protein structure and function, potentially resulting in genetic disorders or diseases. In summary, codons are the genetic language used by cells to translate DNA information into proteins, making them central to the molecular processes that govern life.
Common Misspellings for CODON
Etymology of CODON
The word "codon" is a combination of two terms: "code" and "on".
The term "code" refers to the information that is encoded within the DNA or RNA molecule, which determines the amino acid sequence in protein synthesis. It originates from the French word "code" and Latin word "codex", meaning "system of laws" or "book".
The suffix "on" in "codon" is used to denote a unit or portion of something. It comes from the Greek suffix "-on", which is commonly used in science and denotes a particle or unit. Examples of other scientific terms with the "-on" suffix include "photon" and "neutron".
Hence, "codon" can be understood as a combination of "code" and "-on", indicating a unit or portion of genetic information that corresponds to a particular amino acid during protein synthesis.
Similar spelling words for CODON
- Coatney,
- condor,
- corn,
- Cotten,
- c.o.d.,
- colon,
- COD,
- cottone,
- cotton,
- cotan,
- don,
- coition,
- coin,
- coding,
- conn.,
- code,
- con-,
- cottony,
- cowden,
- cotonou.
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