Closed angle glaucoma, also known as angle-closure glaucoma or acute angle-closure glaucoma, is a condition characterized by the sudden increase in intraocular pressure (IOP) due to the blocked drainage system of the eye. It is a type of glaucoma that occurs when the angle between the iris and the cornea becomes closed or blocked, inhibiting the normal flow of aqueous humor, a clear fluid responsible for maintaining the eye's pressure.
In closed angle glaucoma, the drainage channels in the eye known as the trabecular meshwork are obstructed, causing a rapid rise in IOP. This increased pressure can damage the optic nerve, leading to vision loss and potential blindness if left untreated.
Some common symptoms of closed angle glaucoma include severe eye pain, blurred vision, halos around lights, nausea, and vomiting. These symptoms often appear suddenly and may be accompanied by redness in the eye and a noticeable decrease in visual acuity.
Emergency medical intervention is crucial in closed angle glaucoma cases to relieve the increased pressure and prevent further optic nerve damage. Treatment options may include medications to lower IOP, laser iridotomy to create a tiny hole in the iris to promote better fluid drainage, and in severe cases, surgical procedures may be necessary to alleviate the blockage.
Regular eye examinations are essential in early detection and management of closed angle glaucoma, especially for individuals who have a family history of the condition or exhibit risk factors such as being farsighted, being of Asian descent, or having a shallow anterior chamber.
