The term "close order" refers to a formation in military drill where soldiers stand shoulder to shoulder with minimal space between them. Its spelling can be explained through the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) as: /kləʊs ˈɔːdə/ where the "o" in "close" is pronounced as a diphthong, the "s" is voiceless, and the stress is on the first syllable. The "e" in "order" is pronounced as a schwa, the "r" is pronounced after the vowel sound, and the stress is on the second syllable.
Close order is a military term that refers to a formation or arrangement of troops where individuals are positioned side by side and in close proximity to each other. It is a tactical formation utilized during drills, parades, marches, and other military maneuvers. In close order, soldiers are expected to maintain a strict alignment, with their bodies and weapons closely aligned with those of their neighboring colleagues.
Close order formations are characterized by a high level of precision and synchronization, emphasizing discipline and unity among the troops. This formation not only enables efficient movement of the entire unit but also enhances the visual impact and cohesiveness of the military display. It is often employed during formal occasions or public events, where the demonstration of military power, discipline, and organization is of utmost importance.
To maintain close order requires meticulous attention to detail, as any deviation from the prescribed formations or movements can disrupt the overall cohesion and jeopardize the effectiveness of the unit. Close order training is a fundamental aspect of military basic training, aimed at instilling discipline, teamwork, and attention to detail in recruits.
Close order is also sometimes referred to as "close-rank" or "closed formation." It contrasts with "open order," which involves a wider spacing between individuals, allowing for more freedom of movement and flexibility during combat situations. Nonetheless, close order remains an essential aspect of military training and tradition, symbolizing the unity and strength of a military unit.
The word "close" in "close order" comes from the Old French word "clos" meaning "enclosed" or "confined". "Order" is derived from the Latin word "ordo" meaning "row" or "line". The term "close order" originated in military contexts and was used to refer to a formation where soldiers stood in close proximity to one another, typically in a straight line or a column. This formation was often used for marching or combat purposes. Over time, the term "close order" has also been adopted in other fields, such as drill and ceremony or marching bands, to describe a similar formation or arrangement of individuals.