Clear cell meningioma is a rare variant of meningioma, a type of tumor that arises from the meninges - the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord. This distinct subtype of meningioma is characterized by its histological features, where tumor cells appear clear and cytoplasmic structures are difficult to discern.
Clear cell meningioma accounts for only about 0.2-0.5% of all meningiomas, making it one of the least common subtypes. It occurs predominantly in female patients, with a higher incidence rate in those aged under 40, although it may affect individuals of all ages. This particular meningioma variant may arise anywhere in the central nervous system, including the brain and spinal cord.
Clinically, clear cell meningiomas are often slower growing and less aggressive compared to other subtypes, although they can still cause symptoms as they enlarge and compress surrounding structures. Common symptoms may include headaches, seizures, visual disturbances, mental changes, or focal neurological deficits, depending on the tumor's location. The exact cause of clear cell meningioma remains unknown, although genetic mutations and risk factors such as radiation exposure have been suggested.
Treatment typically involves surgical removal of the tumor, often complemented by radiation therapy, especially in cases where complete resection is challenging. Regular follow-up and monitoring are essential to detect any recurrence or progression of the tumor. Overall, the prognosis for clear cell meningioma is considered to be relatively favorable, with a low likelihood of aggressive behavior or distant metastasis. However, individual outcomes may vary depending on several factors, including the tumor's size, location, and extent of surgical resection.
