CLASSICAL CHINESE Meaning and
Definition
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Classical Chinese refers to the written form of the Chinese language that was predominantly used during the pre-modern period, particularly from the time of the Han Dynasty (206 BCE – 220 CE) until the early 20th century. It is also known as Literary Chinese or Wenyan (wen-yen) in Chinese.
Classical Chinese is characterized by its formal and stylized structure, which differs significantly from the spoken vernacular. While the spoken language evolved and diversified regionally, Classical Chinese maintained a relatively stable and standardized form that enabled written communication across different parts of ancient China.
Unlike modern Mandarin, which is a tonal language, Classical Chinese did not use tones for lexical distinctions. Instead, it relied heavily on syntax, grammar, and context to convey meaning. Classical Chinese is highly concise, utilizing a limited vocabulary and grammar to express complex ideas. It often relies on parallelism, metaphors, and allusions to add depth and beauty to writings.
Classical Chinese was the language of literature, philosophy, historical records, and official documents during ancient China. It was used extensively by scholars, bureaucrats, and intellectuals as a medium of intellectual and cultural exchange. It remained the primary written language until the early 20th century when the modern vernacular Chinese became more widespread.
Today, Classical Chinese is primarily studied as a classical literature and linguistic discipline. While it is no longer widely used for communication, its influence is still evident in modern Chinese texts and translations. Learning Classical Chinese is essential for those interested in understanding and interpreting classical Chinese literature, historical texts, and philosophical works.
Etymology of CLASSICAL CHINESE
The term "classical Chinese" refers to the literary language used in China during the ancient and imperial periods. The etymology of the phrase can be understood by breaking it down into its components:
1. Classical: The word "classical" is derived from the Latin word "classicus", which means "of the highest class or rank". In the context of language, it refers to a language or style that is considered the highest or most prestigious form. In the case of classical Chinese, it denotes the language used in ancient Chinese literature, which is seen as a refined and elevated form of expression.
2. Chinese: The word "Chinese" comes from the Latin word "Sinae", which was the name used by the ancient Romans to refer to China.
