The term "class struggle" refers to the conflict between different social classes. It is spelled using the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) symbols /klæs/ and /ˈstrʌɡəl/, which represent the sounds "klas" and "struh-guhl". The "a" in "class" is pronounced as the short "a" sound, while the stress is on the first syllable. The word "struggle" is pronounced with the stress on the first syllable and the "g" sound is soft, as in the word "gentle".
Class struggle refers to the socio-economic conflict and tension that arises between different social classes within a society. It is a fundamental concept in Marxist theory and is based on the idea that society is divided into distinct classes based on their relationship to the means of production. The main classes in this context are the capitalist class, who own and control the means of production, and the working class, who must sell their labor in exchange for wages.
Class struggle reflects the inherent conflict of interest between these two classes. The capitalist class aims to maximize profits and maintain control over the means of production, while the working class seeks fair wages, improved working conditions, and a larger share of the wealth produced through their labor. The struggle between these classes is driven by their opposing economic interests, leading to conflicts over labor rights, wealth distribution, and social and political power.
Marx believed that this class struggle was an essential driver of historical change. He argued that throughout history, societies have gone through different stages of development, each characterized by distinct class relationships. According to Marx, capitalism is characterized by a heightened class struggle as the working class becomes increasingly aware of their exploitation and the need to challenge the capitalist class. This struggle, Marx predicted, would ultimately lead to the overthrow of capitalism and the establishment of a socialist or communist society, where class distinctions and exploitation would be eliminated.
In summary, class struggle refers to the ongoing conflict and tension between different social classes, particularly the capitalist and working classes, as they compete for economic resources, power, and social equality.
The word "class struggle" is a concept deeply rooted in Marxist theory and was popularized by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels in the 19th century. The term itself derives from the fusion of two different elements:
1. Class: The term "class" originated from the Latin word "classis", which referred to a group of people, particularly in Roman society, based on their social or economic status. Over time, "class" began to represent distinct social groups with specific roles, rights, and privileges within a society.
2. Struggle: The word "struggle" comes from the Old French word "estrugle", which means "conflict" or "battle". It eventually evolved from the Latin word "struggere", meaning "to contend, to quarrel, or to fight".
When combined, "class struggle" refers to the conflict or battle between different social classes within a society.