Class Angiospermae, commonly referred to as angiosperms, is a major taxonomic class of plants within the kingdom Plantae. Angiosperms are characterized by the presence of flowers and enclosed seeds within a fruit. They are the largest and most diverse group of plants, accounting for approximately 80% of all plant species on Earth.
Angiosperms exhibit a wide range of morphological diversity, including trees, shrubs, herbs, and even aquatic plants. Their reproductive structures, known as flowers, typically consist of sepals, petals, stamens, and carpels. These flowers attract pollinators, such as insects, birds, and bats, which aid in the transfer of pollen from the male reproductive organs to the female ones.
One of the defining features of angiosperms is the development of fruits, which protect the developing seeds and aid in their dispersal. Fruits can come in various forms, including fleshy fruits like apples or berries, or dry fruits like nuts or capsules.
Angiosperms have a global distribution and occupy a wide range of habitats, from rainforests to deserts and everything in between. They play a crucial role in numerous ecological processes, serving as food sources for animals, contributing to oxygen production, and participating in nutrient cycles.
In addition to their ecological importance, angiosperms have immense economic significance. They provide us with essential resources such as food, medicine, textile fibers, and timber. Many crops we rely on for sustenance, including rice, wheat, corn, and fruits, belong to this class.
Overall, angiosperms represent a diverse and successful group of plants that have had a profound impact on both natural ecosystems and human societies throughout history.
