Citrus aurantium, commonly known as bitter orange, is a tropical evergreen tree belonging to the Rutaceae family. The term Citrus aurantium is derived from the Latin words "citrus," which refers to the fruit, and "aurantium," meaning gold, referring to the orange color when ripe.
Bitter orange is native to Southeast Asia but is now grown in various regions worldwide, including the Mediterranean, Florida, and California. It is recognized for its bitter taste, distinct aroma, and several beneficial properties.
The fruit of Citrus aurantium is medium-sized, round, and has a textured peel. While the pulp of bitter orange is sour and bitter, it has found medicinal and culinary applications. The aromatic essential oil derived from the peel is commonly used in perfumes, cosmetics, and flavorings.
In traditional medicine, Citrus aurantium extract has been used for its potential health benefits. Its active compounds, such as flavonoids and essential oils, are believed to possess antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. Bitter orange has also been linked to promoting digestion, relieving gastrointestinal discomfort, and supporting weight loss efforts.
Furthermore, Citrus aurantium is valued for its fragrant flowers, which are used in the production of floral water and essential oils. Its leaves and flowers have been utilized in herbal teas and traditional remedies.
Overall, Citrus aurantium, or bitter orange, is a versatile plant recognized for its bitter fruit, aromatic properties, and potential health benefits.
