The word "ciphered" is spelled with two syllables: /ˈsaɪ.fərd/. The first syllable is pronounced with the "ai" diphthong sound, as in "eye," followed by the "f" sound, and the schwa sound in the second syllable. In this word, the "ph" is pronounced as an "f" sound, and the final "ed" ending is pronounced as a separate syllable with the "d" sound. "Ciphered" refers to something that has been converted into a secret code or disguised in some way.
"Ciphered" is a verb form of the noun "cipher," derived from Middle English "cifre" and ultimately traced back to Old French "chiffre," meaning zero. In a historical context, "ciphered" refers to the act of encoding or decoding a message using a code or cipher. It encompasses the process of transforming information into a secret or unintelligible form by substituting letters or symbols for the original message. This practice has been utilized throughout human history in various forms of secret communication.
In the context of cryptography, "ciphered" denotes the action of transforming plaintext into ciphertext using an algorithm or cipher method. It involves systematically rearranging or substituting characters according to predefined rules to ensure the confidentiality and security of the message. Ciphered messages require a corresponding decryption process to reverse the transformation and retrieve the original information.
The term "ciphered" can also take on a broader meaning in contemporary usage, extending beyond cryptographic contexts. It can imply the act of concealing or disguising information in general. For example, individuals may refer to a hidden message or encoded data as "ciphered" even if it does not necessarily involve complex cryptographic techniques. This broader sense emphasizes the notion of encryption or secrecy, suggesting that the information has been intentionally obscured or made difficult to understand without the appropriate knowledge or key.
The word ciphered is derived from the Middle English word sifre, which came from Old French cifre or ciphre. Ultimately, this word can be traced back to the Arabic word sifr, meaning zero or empty. The concept of a number system that includes zero was introduced to Europe by Arab mathematicians during the Middle Ages, and it gradually evolved into the modern English word cipher to refer to encoded or secret writing. The suffix -ed is added to indicate the past tense or past participle form of the verb, giving us ciphered, meaning encoded or written in code.