The term "CICR" stands for "Common Article 3 of the Geneva Conventions and International Humanitarian Law." It refers to a crucial legal principle in international humanitarian law, which establishes minimum standards of protection for individuals who are not taking part or are no longer participating in an armed conflict, yet find themselves affected by its consequences.
Common Article 3 of the Geneva Conventions and International Humanitarian Law applies during non-international armed conflicts, where there is an internal conflict within a country. It requires that all parties involved in the conflict treat individuals humanely and in a non-discriminatory manner. This article prohibits practices such as torture, cruel treatment, taking hostages, and outrages upon personal dignity.
The principles of CICR apply to anyone who is not actively participating in hostilities, including civilians, wounded and sick combatants, and captured or detained individuals. It ensures their protection and guarantees them fundamental rights, such as the right to life, physical and mental integrity, and non-discrimination. CICR also grants the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) the essential role of offering humanitarian assistance and monitoring compliance with the provisions of Common Article 3.
The implementation of CICR is vital for safeguarding the well-being of those affected by non-international armed conflicts. It serves as a bedrock of humanitarian law, promoting the humane treatment of individuals and contributing to the mitigation of suffering in times of internal conflict.
